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Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?

Background: The Palma Real Mountain of Venezuela has Criollo and Forastero cocoa trees of over 50 years old. These individuals are considered ancestral representatives of high quality cocoa that have survived for many years in this location without any agronomic management. Question: This study sh...

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Autor Principal: Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer
Formato: Artículos
Lenguaje:eng
Publicado: 2017
Materias:
A/C CURVES
FLUORESCENCE
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY
THEOBROMA CACAO
WATER POTENTIAL
Acceso en línea:http://repositorio.educacionsuperior.gob.ec/handle/28000/4081
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recordtype dspace
institution SENESCYT
collection Repositorio SENESCYT
biblioteca Biblioteca Senescyt
language eng
format Artículos
topic A/C CURVES
FLUORESCENCE
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY
THEOBROMA CACAO
WATER POTENTIAL
spellingShingle A/C CURVES
FLUORESCENCE
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY
THEOBROMA CACAO
WATER POTENTIAL
Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer
Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
description Background: The Palma Real Mountain of Venezuela has Criollo and Forastero cocoa trees of over 50 years old. These individuals are considered ancestral representatives of high quality cocoa that have survived for many years in this location without any agronomic management. Question: This study shows some physiological traits of these old trees, in order to determine whether differences exist in photosynthetic capacity and some biochemical parameters between the two types of cocoa growing under natural conditions. Studied species: Theobroma cacao L. Study site and years of study: was done in the mountain Palma Real in the Island of Margarita, Edo. Nueva Esparta, in January 2008 and November 2009. Methods: The individuals present in the area were initially characterized as Criollo or Forastero and gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and the response of the photosynthetic rate (A) to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PFD), carbon isotope ratio (?13C), nitrogen isotope ratio (?15N), leaf N and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Results: The results showed that the gas exchange characteristics of Criollo cocoa differ slightly from those of Forastero. However, similar PFD saturation (~400 ?mol m-2 s-1) with values of A at saturating light approaching 4 ?mol m-2 s-1, carboxylation efficiency (CE) and photochemical activity, indicated a comparable photosynthetic capacity in both cocoa types. Conclusions: There are apparently no physiological disadvantages in Criollo compared with Forastero trees and therefore both could be recommended as suitable materials for cultivation in similar environments, thereby expanding cultivation of high quality cocoa.
author Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer
author_facet Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer
author_sort Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer
title Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
title_short Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
title_full Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
title_fullStr Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
title_full_unstemmed Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?
title_sort does criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than forastero?
publishDate 2017
url http://repositorio.educacionsuperior.gob.ec/handle/28000/4081
_version_ 1634995218428198912
spelling oai:localhost:28000-40812017-04-13T22:22:58Z Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero? ?Tiene el cacao Criollo las mismas caracter?sticas ecofisiol?gicas que el Forastero? Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer A/C CURVES FLUORESCENCE PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY THEOBROMA CACAO WATER POTENTIAL Background: The Palma Real Mountain of Venezuela has Criollo and Forastero cocoa trees of over 50 years old. These individuals are considered ancestral representatives of high quality cocoa that have survived for many years in this location without any agronomic management. Question: This study shows some physiological traits of these old trees, in order to determine whether differences exist in photosynthetic capacity and some biochemical parameters between the two types of cocoa growing under natural conditions. Studied species: Theobroma cacao L. Study site and years of study: was done in the mountain Palma Real in the Island of Margarita, Edo. Nueva Esparta, in January 2008 and November 2009. Methods: The individuals present in the area were initially characterized as Criollo or Forastero and gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and the response of the photosynthetic rate (A) to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PFD), carbon isotope ratio (?13C), nitrogen isotope ratio (?15N), leaf N and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Results: The results showed that the gas exchange characteristics of Criollo cocoa differ slightly from those of Forastero. However, similar PFD saturation (~400 ?mol m-2 s-1) with values of A at saturating light approaching 4 ?mol m-2 s-1, carboxylation efficiency (CE) and photochemical activity, indicated a comparable photosynthetic capacity in both cocoa types. Conclusions: There are apparently no physiological disadvantages in Criollo compared with Forastero trees and therefore both could be recommended as suitable materials for cultivation in similar environments, thereby expanding cultivation of high quality cocoa. Antecedentes: La Monta?a Palma Real en Venezuela tiene ?rboles de cacao Criollo y Forastero de m?s de 50 a?os de edad. Estos individuos se consideran representantes ancestrales de cacao de alta calidad que han sobrevivido durante muchos a?os en este lugar sin ning?n tipo de manejo agron?mico. Pregunta: Este estudio muestra algunas caracter?sticas fisiol?gicos de estos ?rboles, con el fin de determinar si existen diferencias en la capacidad fotosint?tica y algunos par?metros bioqu?micos entre los dos tipos de cacao que crecen en condiciones naturales. Especie estudiada: Theobroma cacao L. Sitio de estudio y a?os del estudio: se hizo en la monta?a Palma Real en la Isla de Margarita, Estado Nueva Esparta, en enero de 2008 y noviembre de 2009. M?todos: Los individuos presentes en la zona, inicialmente se caracterizaron como cacao Criollo o Forastero; se evalu? el intercambio gaseoso, la fluorescencia de la clorofila, la respuesta de la tasa fotosint?tica (A) a la concentraci?n intercelular de CO2 (Ci ) y a la densidad de flujo de fotones (PFD), la relaci?n de is?topos de carbono (?13C), la proporci?n de is?topos de nitr?geno (?15N), y el contenido de clorofila y N foliar. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las caracter?sticas de intercambio de gases de cacao Criollo difieren levemente de los de cacao Forastero. Sin embargo, la PFD de saturaci?n fue similar (~ 400 ?mol m-2 s-1) con valores de A a luz saturante cerca de 4 ?mol m-2 s-1, la eficiencia de carboxilaci?n (CE) y la actividad fotoqu?mica, indicaron una capacidad fotosint?tica comparable en ambos tipos de cacao. Conclusiones: Aparentemente no hay desventajas fisiol?gicas en el cacao Criollo en comparaci?n con los ?rboles de cacao Forastero, por lo tanto ambos podr?an ser recomendados como materiales adecuados para el cultivo en ambientes similares al lugar de estudio, aumentando as? el cultivo de cacao de alta calidad. http://www.botanicalsciences.com.mx/index.php/botanicalSciences/article/view/552 2017-04-12T19:01:08Z 2017-04-12T19:01:08Z 2016 article Tezara Fern?ndez, Wilmer. et al. (2016). Does Criollo cocoa have the same ecophysiological characteristics than Forastero?. Vol 3. Num 3. pp. 563-574. 2007-4476 http://repositorio.educacionsuperior.gob.ec/handle/28000/4081 eng DOI;10.17129/botsci.552 openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ec/ pp. 563-574.
score 11,871979

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